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The 2012 Global Cancer Status published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (GLOBOCAN) shows that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the second most common cancer with a high death rate, and in China, more than half of the world's new HCC patients are diagnosed each year and more than half of the deaths due to HCC each year. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment of HCC are crucial. At present, early diagnosis of HCC mainly relies on imaging means such as ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, but imaging examinations are not easy to diagnose tumors less than 1 cm in diameter and the sensitivity of AFP is not high, so there is a need to find more effective methods for early diagnosis of HCC.
Abnormal prothrombin PIVKA-II
PIVKA-II is a serum abnormal prothrombin and is often found in patients with HCC, vitamin K deficient patients and those receiving warfarin therapy.Cui et al [19] reported that the sensitivity and specificity of PIVKA-II in the diagnosis of HCC were 51.7% and 86.7%, respectively.Whether PIVKA-II is more advantageous than AFP in the diagnosis of HCC depends on race PIVKA-II is also associated with tumor vascular invasion, intrahepatic metastasis, tumor size, TNM stage, etc. The addition of PIVKA-II inhibitors to multidrug chemotherapy for HCC may have anti-proliferative and anti-vascular effects. This also provides new ideas for the treatment of HCC.
China's guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (2019) suggest that PIVKA-II is one of the important indicators for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, which can be complemented with AFP. The guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer (2019 edition) also point out that PIVKA-II can also be used as a marker for early screening of liver cancer, especially for those with negative serum AFP.
Heavy Chain Bio PIVKA-II
References
Zhu M Y, Chen J, Zhang X X. Research progress of serological markers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Journal of Clinical Hepatobiliary Diseases, 2014, 30(10): 1091-1093. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2014.10.029
Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (2019 edition)
Guidelines for the management of primary liver cancer (2019 edition)
