Clinical Significance

TSH is produced in specific basophilic cells of the anterior pituitary gland, and the release of TSH from the pituitary gland is the central regulatory mechanism by which the body exerts its physiological effects on thyroxine, stimulating the production and secretion of thyroxine; TSH testing is the primary screening test to identify thyroid function, and small changes in free thyroid hormone concentrations can bring about significant adjustments in TSH concentrations in the opposite direction. Therefore, TSH is a very sensitive and specific indicator for detecting thyroid function and is particularly suitable for early detection or exclusion of dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid regulatory system, and is also the preferred indicator for diagnosing hypothyroidism.

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