Clinical Significance

Serum amyloid A (Human serum amyloid A protein, SAA) is an acute phase reaction protein, which belongs to the heterogeneous protein in the apolipoprotein family, with a molecular weight of about 12,000. In the acute phase response, stimulated by IL-1, IL-6 and TNF, SAA is synthesized in the liver by activated macrophages and fibroblasts, which can be increased to 100-1000 times the initial concentration, but the half-life Short, only about 50 minutes.
In the acute phase of inflammatory stimulation, SAA is rapidly synthesized and released into the blood by activated macrophages and fibroblasts, and replaces apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), through N-terminal and high-density lipoprotein (high-density lipoprotein (high-density lipoprotein) ⁃density lipoprotein, HDL) binds rapidly. The concentration of SAA begins to increase at 3-6 hours after infection, with a half-life of about 50 minutes, and the increase range can reach 10-1000 times the normal value. After the pathogen is cleared, it can be quickly reduced to normal levels, while CRP is rapidly increased in 5~8h, reaching a peak at 24h, and the increase rate is positively correlated with the degree of infection. The half-life is 6h, and it can be within 1~2d after infection control. drop rapidly. Therefore, SAA increased earlier than CRP, and decreased rapidly, so it is a sensitive indicator to reflect the body's infection and inflammation recovery.

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