Homocysteine (HCY) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is produced in the body during the metabolism of methionine, an essential amino acid derived from dietary protein. It is an intermediate in the methionine cycle and can be converted into cysteine via the transsulfuration pathway or back into methionine via remethylation.
Elevated levels of homocysteine in the blood, a condition known as hyperhomocysteinemia, have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. High homocysteine levels are also linked to other health issues, including osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and pregnancy complications.
